IGF 2016: Enabling Inclusive and Sustainable Growth

In the last years, the debate in this topic has been increased. A growing number of leaders in government, private sector, technical community, civil society and academia have expressed concerned about the danger for the Internet fragmentation in different islands of connectivity due to the emergence of new trends driven by the technological advances, government policies or commercial practices that have been implemented in all the Internet layers, from the underlying infrastructures and the applications. 
The diversity in these trends has caused that the stakeholders visualize and experiment the Internet fragmentation in different ways. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to conduct a debate that confronts the views that the stakeholders has in this trend. 
In the same way, it is intended that the debate include the discussion of the positive and negative effects of the commercial practices implemented by the Internet service providers (Practices such as zero rating, sponsored data, paid prioritization).
It will be included a special emphasis in the net neutrality in order to differentiate how this could influence in the Internet fragmentation trend and how it could distinguish between the temporal and exceptional congestion, how to differentiate it from lack of investment and proper sizing networks. 

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Moderador: Rodrigo de la Parra, ICANN

-Mario Fromow, IFT.

-Mignon L. Clyburn, Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

-Cristina Monti, European Commission

-Alejandro Pisanty, UNAM

-William J. Drake, University of Zurich, 

-Chinmayi Arun,  Centre for Communication Governance, New Delhi

Mario Fromow, Commissioner, Federal Telecommunications Institute

Mario Germán Fromow Rangel has a professional career of over 20 years of experience, both in the public and private sectors as well as in the national and international level. Mr. Fromow Rangel is an expert in public policy, regulation, and technological development of the telecommunications and broadcasting sector.

Mario Fromow Rangel holds a Master’s of Science degree in Engineering from Keio University, Japan. He also obtained a degree in Communications and Electronics Engineering from the National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico. Mr. Fromow Rangel has served as an Optical Communications Researcher at the Research and Technology Development laboratories of the Japanese company Kokusai Denshin Denwa (KDD). He was also Research Associate at the Media Lab of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

He has been a member of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) and the College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineers of Mexico.

 On September 10, 2013, he was ratified by the Senate of Mexico as Commissioner of the Federal Institute of Telecommunications for the next seven years.

From April 2011 to September 2013, Mario Fromow Rangel served as General Director of Regulation “B” in the Federal Telecommunications Commission, defining regulatory policies to promote the efficient development of telecommunications infrastructure and services in Mexico. He was also Chairman of the National Consultative Committee on Telecommunications Standardization and Deputy Chairman of the Portability Technical Committee.

Mr. Fromow Rangel has been Head of Delegation, coordinating and defending Mexico's position in more than 10 meetings of CITEL, REGULATEL and APEC-TEL. He was also Delegate to the Mexico-USA High Level Consultative Commission on Telecommunications and Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP). He participated as Deputy Head of Delegation to the World Conference on International Telecommunications held on December 2012 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, where he signed ad referendum the Final Acts, due to the Full Power granted by the President of the United States of Mexico.

From September 2004 to May 2007, Mario Fromow Rangel was Project Coordinator of the Vice Ministry of Communications of the Ministry of Communications and Transport (SCT); he participated in the development of the policy for Wireless broadband services and other applications, as well as the Convergence Agreement of Local Telephone Services and Pay Television/Audio Services.

 

As technology continues to rapidly advance and billions of additional users become connected, ethical aspects of technology demand immediate attention. Considering the extensive impact that ICTs will have on the achievement of the SDGs, discussion and tangible actions need to be taken now to ensure the use of ICTs will be beneficial to all of humanity. In order to achieve all of the SDGs, ICTs will play a vital role but only if they are designed in an ethical framework that focuses on the role of humans and the preservation of human values. When enabling inclusive and sustainable growth, the various aspects of privacy and security must be considered from an ethical viewpoint to ensure that the evolution of humanity’s engagement with technology is beneficial and those that are currently unconnected join a safe, productive and beneficial ICT-driven world.

Based on the discussion of both in situ and online participants from various global stakeholder groups, the session seeks to raise awareness of the need to consider the ethical dimensions of ICTs with a focus on security and privacy with an aim towards the use of ICTs to achieve the SDGs. The goal of the session is to produce tangible, concrete technological and policy outputs leading towards a beneficial and productive world in 2030 through the use of ICTs. In addition, an additional aim of the session is to lead to greater engagement in this important area by all stakeholders that extends beyond the session at IGF.

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Greg Shannon
Kay Firth Butterfield
Louise Marie Hurel
Meher Bnouni

Tuesday, 6 December, 10:45-12;15
The Trade in Services Agreement (TISA) is part of a new generation of trade agreements that is currently being negotiated by 23 Parties of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). On the basis of the currently limited available information and leaked texts, the greatest concerns regarding TISA involve the introduction of greater limitations on the government’s right to regulate or legislate and the inclusion of potentially harmful provisions for the protection of the fundamental rights to privacy and data protection, as well as net neutrality.
TISA is likely to affect fundamental human rights in the online sphere in a non-democratic way. Without proper negotiation and inclusiveness, it is likely to have negative effects on the open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system, inclusive prosperity, democratic decision-making and access to quality or accessible public services, as established in the Sustainable Development Goals. It may also constrain open and inclusive legitimate policy-making, such as the proper public engagement and oversight of the provision of online services, as well as the regulations regarding the internet economy.

Confirmed moderator: Burcu Kilic, Public Citizen

Confirmed speakers:

David Snead, I2Coalition
Maryant Fernández, European Digital Rights (EDRi)
Deborah James, CEPR
Kelly Kim, OpenNet Korea
Paulina Gutierrez, Article 19
Mattias Bjarnemalm, European Parliament (Greens/EFA)

Remote Moderator: Pablo Villioer, Derechos Digitales

 

 

UNESCO Workshop, Internet Governance Forum: December 2016, Mexico

 Workshop Title: Social Media and Youth Radicalization in the Digital Age

 12:00 – 13:30 Tuesday, 6 December 2016, Workshop Room 5

 Topic Summary

 UNESCO has a mandate to defend freedom of expression, instructed by its Constitution to promote “the free flow of ideas by word and image”. In 2013, UNESCO’s General Conference of 195 Member States adopted Resolution 52, which recalled Human Rights Council Resolution A/HRC/RES/20/8, “The Promotion, Protection and Enjoyment of Human Rights on the Internet”, affirming that the same rights that people have off-line must also be protected online.

 Following the fruitful discussion on mitigating online hate speech and youth radicalization at the IGF 2015, UNESCO received many calls to further the discussion and deepen the understanding of the hot issue of youth radicalization and the role of social media in this process.

UNESCO proposes this session to share the initial outcome in terms of Internet Governance from its commissioned research on the subject, and trigger discussion on where the Internet relates to youth radicalization including gender issues, the counter measures taken, as well as to the youth empowerment actions taken through a holistic approach, in the light of achieving SDG goal 16 on inclusive and peaceful societies.

 It will be an interactive discussion built on a brief introduction of the research at the beginning and short remarks from panelists. Majority of the time will be dedicated to the Q and A with the audience and remote participants.

 Resources and links:

Link to UNESCO Internet Study “Keystones to foster inclusive Knowledge Societies”: http://www.unesco.org/new/en/internetstudy/

UNESCO Series on Internet Freedom:

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/resources/publications-and-communication-materials/publications/publications-by-series/unesco-series-on-internet-freedom/

Link to UNESCO Concept note on Internet Universality:

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/crosscutting-priorities/unesco-internet-study/internet-universality/

Link to ConnectingtheDots Outcome documents of UNESCO: http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/outcome_document.pdf

In-Person Moderator: Indrajit Banerjee, UNESCO 

 Remote Moderator: Cedric Wachholz, UNESCO

 Rapporteur: Xianhong Hu, UNESCO

 Speakers

Ms. Divina Frau-Meigs, Universite la Sorbonne, France 

Mr. Sunil Abraham, Center for Internet and Society 

Ms. Lillian Nalwoga, Internet Society (ISOC) Uganda 

Mr. William Hudson, Google 
Mr. Barbora Bukovska, Article 19
Ms. Rebecca MacKinnon, Ranking Digital Rights
Mr. Guy Berger, UNESCO Director for Freedom of Expression and Media Development

Agenda

Preparation  meeting with panelists, 15 mins before the session

5’ Opening remarks from the Chair 

Remarks by panelists

15’

Presentation by Ms. Divina Frau-Meigs, Universite la Sorbonne, France

5’

Mr. Sunil Abraham, Center for Internet and Society

5’

Ms. Lillian Nalwoga,  Internet Society (ISOC) Uganda

5’

Mr. William Hudson, Google

5’

Ms. Barbora Bukovska, Article 19

5’

Ms. Rebecca MacKinnon, Ranking Digital Rights

5’

Mr. Guy Berger, UNESCO Director for Freedom of Expression and Media Development

Open floor to other stakeholders at present

40’

Q&A

 

The workshop session should look into the following topics and cause:

1. How to address and acknowledge the Cyber Evidence, where virtual and real-life activities should be treated equally with logical sequence of happenings and identity confirmation;

2. Whether the modernization and/or amendment of classical criminal procedure, evidence law, etc. are good enough to manage the human rights and criminal activities in internet domain (i.e. co-existence of real and virtual domain);

3. Whether the law enforcement activities e.g. surveillance, intelligence, policing, defense, etc. are going to require separate legal and administrative frameworks (i.e. drafted from scratch to separate the real and virtual domain) for the sustainable eco-system;

4. The short-term and long-term governance model for the internet legislature and internet eco-system.



The outcome / recommendation of the workshop should be based on following items:
1. Points/Remarks raised from the each group of participants;
2. Recommendation given by the Rapporteurs;
3. Counter-Logic and answers given by the Rapporteurs;
4. Conclusion drawn by the Moderator.

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Al-Saqaf, Dr. Walid
Aryal, Babu Ram
Bari, Md. Emdad Ul
Hackshaw, Tracy F.
Lemineur, Marie-Laure
Sabir, Sumon Ahmed

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a trade agreement between the U.S. and 11 other Pacific Rim countries. Its 30 chapters include commitments that touch on various aspects of Internet governance, such as Electronic Commerce, Telecommunications, Cross-border Trade in Services, Copyright and Trademark protection. EFF and other civil society organizations have sharply criticized TPP because of some of its intellectual property protection aspects. Others have claimed that TPP would ban data localization, free up trade in information services, and have a number of other beneficial effects. This panel will feature a discussion among advocates and opponents of TPP ratification, including stakeholders from civil society, business and government. The group will discuss what kinds of things should be in a trade agreement, and what kinds of issues should not be. In an attempt to move beyond polarization, the results of the workshop will contribute to new model text for future Internet-related trade processes, such as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) or the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). This session will not deal with the transparency of trade agreements, but focus on the substance of the agreements and how they would affect trade or Internet governance. Another session will focus on process and transparency of negotiating trade agreements.

Agenda
0-5 minutes: Chinmayi Arun: Introduction to the topic and roundtable participants

5 - 25 minutes: The copyright and trademark aspects of the TPP

In this section the moderator will elicit opening statements from three sides of the issue: 1) Malcolm, who thinks the intellectual property aspects of the TPP are detrimental to Internet freedom; 2) Mueller, who doesn't like the IP provisions but doesn't think they change much and aren't sufficiently bad to make the parties better off without the deal; and 3) Dorantes, who favors the IP provisions. The other roundtable participants and the attendees will discuss and debate these positions.

25 - 45 minutes: The e-commerce and trade in services aspects of TPP

In this section the moderator will elicit opening statements from 1) Burcu, who opposes the agreement, 2) Barayre-El Shami, who will discuss the pros and cons for developing countries, and 3) Aaronson, who favors the agreement. Both will describe the e-commerce and trade in services provisions of the TPP and explain why they favor or oppose them. The other roundtable participants and the attendees will discuss and debate these positions.

45 - 65 minutes: 3) What should be included and not included in trade agreements?

The moderator will call the group's attention to the fact that the subject matter of trade agreements keeps expanding beyond tariffs and nondiscriminatory treatment of foreign products and services to include broader concerns. This part will feature 1) Bramble, 2) Malcolm and 3) Aaronson and discuss the appropriateness of including things like IPR protection and other non-tariff trade concerns in trade agreements. Time permitting, the other roundtable participants and the attendees will discuss and debate these positions.

65 - 90 minutes:

In this part of the roundtable it will open up to comments and questions from the audience and the discussion will be focused on the future of trade agreements in information and communication services generally.

Speakers:

Arun, Chinmayi 
Barayrer-El Shami, Cecile
Kilic, Burcu 
Malcolm, Jeremy
Mueller, Milton
Aaronson, Susan
Juan Antonio Dorantes
Bamble, Nick

Smart cities are the idea of setting-up interconnected systems to achieve a more optimal, efficient, safe & sustainable urban environment. The ultimate goal is said to benefits citizens and society more widely. Sectors that typically receive an injection of technology are health, traffic, public transport, security, water and electricity infrastructure, the waste management, etc. And for that urban citizen data –masses of data– are needed. That data is systematically collected, stored, analyzed and processed using selected software. And with the Internet of Things, it's no longer just communication devices but it's also home appliances, smart cars, and other types of sensors. This also involves the investment of huge amount of public funds, the strong involvement of the private sector, on which governments rely for delivery, which monetizes the development of technology and collection of big data to create smart cities. The vast quantity of data that amasses over long periods of time raises questions over the cost-benefit and risk analysis and the implication for the exercise of human rights.

Arguments for the use of big data are easy to buy, but the real impact is obscure and has yet to be demonstrated. Where do data sets come from? How do people provide consent given the smart city infrastructure does not seek it? What is the scope of big data in terms of transparency, privacy, security, accountability and even public education? These and many other questions are key to foster societies that are becoming increasingly connected to ensure that innovation does not come at the price of our human rights.

Moderator:

Ms. Alexandrine Pirlot de Corbion, Privacy International 

Speakers provisionally confirmed: 

Mr. Guilherme CANELA DE SOUSA, UNESCO office for the MERCOSUR 
Mr. Amber SINHA, Centre for Internet and Society (India)
Ms. Gemma GALDON CLAVELL, Eticas Research and Consulting & Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
Mr. Iván MANTILLA GAVIRIA, National Planning Department, Colombia
Mr. Niels TEN OEVER, IETF member
Ms. Jamila VENTURINI, FGV (Brazil)

Organizers:

Karisma Foundationa (Colombia)
Privacy International (UK)  

The purpose of this workshop is to gather diverse stakeholder views on the prevailing trends of Internet fragmentation and evaluate what this means for efforts to get the next four billion online.

The UN 2030 agenda and the WSIS outcome document affirm the importance of the Internet and the quality of Internet access for inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Following the successful intersessional work on connecting the next billion, this workshop will provide an opportunity to evaluate the issues initiatives to connect the un/under connected face in an increasingly fragmenting online environment. 

Answering the question: what impact is Internet fragmentation having on efforts to connect the next four billion and how should these be taken into consideration by policy makers? the workshop will be tied to the overarching IGF theme Enabling Inclusive and Sustainable Growth as it will aim to address trends which are hampering Internet access and suggest ways challenges can be overcome.

Following a 25 min discussion on the trends of Internet fragmentation including evolving economic, political and technical aspects, participants will break out into groups for focused exchanges for 35 min. Groups will have a stakeholder balance and asked to answer a specific question related to the overarching Internet governance question. Discussants from different stakeholder groups will be allocated to each group to aid group work. In the final segment (30 min) discussants and a nominated participant from each group will report back to the plenary to kick-start a collaborative discussion on suggestions for possible next steps.

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Ardia, Christine 
Bradshaw, Samantha 
Carblanc, Anne
Martínez Mancilla, Yolanda
Nguyen, Carolyn 
Okutani, Izumi
Rose, Karen
Teleanu , Sorina

The  workshop aims to discuss whether open access/public Wi-Fi models are an effective new form of demand aggregation able to leverage the increased availability of Internet enable mobile-devices in environments where even the cost effective broadband models produce services that are unaffordable for many people. The discussion will examine various public, private and public private interplay models being deployed to provide public access and how such models might make better use of universal services funds or substitute obligations with public access provisioning by licensees. It will explore the success factors of various models including consideration of what constitutes a conducive policy and regulatory environment for Public Wi-Fi. It will be held in a flash presentation/workshop format to ensure participation and knowledge sharing amongst attendees. 

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Geerdts, Christopher
Munyua, Alice
Rey-Moreno, Carlos
Yedaly, Moctar
Song, Stephen
Heurta, Erick 

Many argue that Internet is at the risk of fragmentation by various state and non-state actors. Internet fragmentation can affect the Internet and sustainable growth by threatening global interoperability, which would create barriers to communication, increase costs and affect the inclusiveness of the Internet. However, the arguments that the Internet is fragmenting are too broad and need to focus on more specific problems. In this workshop we look at controversies around fragmentation of the Domain Name System (DNS). This workshop seeks to find out more about the extent to which some states or other actors are promoting and supporting technical efforts to create an alternative root or competing sources of authority for the Domain Name System, and what it means if anything to the Internet ecosystem. The areas and projects that will be discussed at this session are: the experimental YETI-DNS live root server testbed project, continued coordination of IETF special-use names and private domain names. By looking into specific projects, the workshop will clarify the extent of effect of such projects on Internet fragmentation. 

Agenda
Moderator: introduction to people and  to issue:  10 min - Internet fragmentation - The role of DNS in global compatibility - Possibilities of fragmentation related to DNS

Q1: (15 minutes) Geo-Politics and Internet Fragmentation
what is the possibility of a major split in DNS caused by geopolitical differences?How could the global DNS be split as a result of geopolitical circumstances and what is the                 probability of such scenario? Are national policies aimed at creating hot backup autonomous databases for national DNS segments a step towards fragmentation?

Q2: (15 minutes) Technical Cases 
IETF and special naming - are we already in a fragmented world?
Yeti project 

Q3: (15 minutes) Innovation and Compatibility
Has convergence on a common DNS stifled innovation in naming?New DNS and naming techs and their impact on global compatibility


General Q and A: 10 minutes

Speakers provisionally confirmed:

Badii, Farzaneh
Demidov, Oleg
Kuerbis, Brenden 
Ranjbar, Kaveh
Sullivan, Andrew 
Vixie, Paul